METAR - we know
KJFK - JFK International, NYC, NY
141551Z - 14th of respective month, issued at 15 51Z
23010KT - wind 230 degrees 10 knots
10SM - visibility 10 statute miles or better
FEW055 - few clouds at 5500ft AGL
BKN120 - broken clouds at 12 000 AGL
BKN250 - broken clouds at 25 000
24/16 - temperature 24 degrees, dewpoint 16, now cause this is JFK I think Fahrenheit (?)
A2987 - altimeter 29.87, roughly equivalent to Q1011.5 hPa
RMK - remarks
AO2 - METAR message is autogenerated, has precip sensors and is observed by real operator
SLP116 - sea level pressure in dunno
T02390161 - hourly temperature and dewpoint - 0 means 0C+, then 239 means 23.9°C, same for dewpoint
PS: this might help if you cant decipher
http://weather.cod.edu/notes/metar.html